Sun exposure is the primary environmental factor leading to damaged skin. The damage to skin components caused by both prolonged and incidental sun exposure is called photoageing. Photoageing damages collagen, elastin, melanocytes, and the moisture barrier, resulting in wrinkles, sagging, uneven skin tone, dark spots, and a rough, dry skin texture.

Pollution also damages skin by increasing free radical production and increasing the effects of UV radiation. Harsh weather (dry air, wind, and cold) depletes skin of essential moisture, resulting in a rough texture and fine, dry lines. Cigarette smoke increases free radical production and may decrease collagen and elastin production. Cigarettes also significantly decrease the supply of oxygen to skin cells.

Two of the most important ways to protect your skin include avoiding both cigarette smoke and excessive sun exposure.

Mechanical ageing
Mechanical ageing is the result of continual muscle movements, which when repeated day after day, year after year result in line and wrinkle formation. Although it is unrealistic to avoid some wrinkle causing behaviours such as smiling and frowning, the following behaviours should be avoided to help prevent premature signs of mechanical ageing:

• Squinting – wear sunglasses when outside.
• The thinker stance (resting chin or cheek in the hand).
• Sleeping on your side or stomach.
• Scrubbing with hot water.
• Weight fluctuation.
• Unbalanced diet and lack of sleep.

Please note that any health tips or advice provided on this site are not intended as, and should not be regarded as a substitute for medical advice from your doctor or health professional.

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